Ingaba isithethi se-HiFi okanye i-theater yasekhaya, okanye i-studio yokurekhoda okanye i-cinema, inkqubo yesithethi iya kusebenzisana negumbi. Imigangatho yesizwe enxulumene nolwakhiwo idla ngokuchaza izalathisi zokusebenza zokugquma isandi zezindlu, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo azibandakanyi unyango lwesandi esibonakalisiweyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukuba igumbi alifumani naluphi na unyango lwe-acoustic, kungakhathaliseki ukuba izithethi zilungile kangakanani, ziya kudibana neebhotile ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwegumbi. Ngeli xesha, izixhobo zonyango lwe-acoustic zinokuthi ziyimfuneko.
Izixhobo zonyango lwe-acoustic zinokwahlulwa zibe zizixhobo ezifunxa isandi , izixhobo zokusasaza kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela isandi ngokwemisebenzi yazo. Phakathi kwazo, ukongeza kwiiphaneli eziqhelekileyo ezifunxa isandi, olunye uhlobo lwezinto ezifunxa isandi ngumgibe ophantsi odla ngokusetyenziselwa ukufunxa ii-frequency eziphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, apha ndingathanda ukuthetha kuqala ngomahluko phakathi kwezinto ezifunxa isandi kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela isandi. Kulapho abantu abaninzi bengaqondi khona. Ukuze uqonde umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini, kufuneka uqale uqonde indlela isandi esiqhubeka ngayo sisasazeka emva kokuba sifikelele kwiindonga zethu eziqhelekileyo.
Isandi sesiganeko - Isandi esibonakalisiweyo = iSandi sokufunxa iSandi
Isandi sesiganeko - Isandi esiThunyelweyo = iLahleko yoThutho
Esinye isandi sitsalwa eludongeni kwaye sijike sibe ngamandla obushushu.
Kobu budlelwane bungasentla, akukho nzima ukufumanisa ukuba ukugquma kwesandi kufuna kuphela ukuqinisekisa ukuba isandi esincinci sigqithiselweyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kodwa akunyanzelekanga ukuba sibe nesandi esilungileyo sokufunxa. Nanku umzekelo ogqithisileyo. Ukuba udonga lwegumbi ludonga olugudileyo oluphindwe kabini, ukusebenza kwe-insulation sound kuhle kakhulu ngenxa yoyilo oluphindwe kabini. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba udonga lugudileyo kakhulu, isandi esibonakalisiweyo, ngakumbi i-frequency ephezulu, yomelele kakhulu kwaye isiphumo sokufunxa isandi sibi kakhulu.
Ngapha koko, kukho uyilo olufanayo oluxhaphake kakhulu, olufana neglasi ephindwe kabini, enesiphumo esihle sokugquma isandi, kodwa imo egudileyo yomphezulu weglasi iya kubangela ukuba isandi esibonakalisiweyo sibe namandla kakhulu. Iglasi engqingqwa yesandi ephindwe kabini iphantse ingabi nasiphumo sokufunxa isandi.
Kwangaxeshanye, izinto eziqhelekileyo zokufunxa izandi zihlala zineempawu zokugquma isandi ezisezantsi kwaye aziqhelekanga njengeendonga zobukhulu obufanayo.
Izinto ezifunxa isandi
Izinto eziqhelekileyo zokufunxa isandi zizinto ezirhabaxa, okanye ngokwenzululwazi zaziwa njengezinto ezifunxa isandi kwi-acoustic. Undoqo wamaza esandi luhlobo lokungcangcazela. Ukuchaneka, kwinkqubo yesithethi, kukungcangcazela komoya. Xa ukushukuma komoya kuhanjiswa kule nto ifunxa isandi, ukungcangcazela kuye kuthotywe ngokuthe ngcembe sisimo esicolekileyo se-porous kwaye siguqulelwe kumandla obushushu.
Okukhona ukuqina kwesixhobo sokufunxa isandi, kokukhona imingxunya emincinci ikwicala lokusasazwa kwesandi, kwaye kokukhona isiphumo sokufunxa singcono kwisehlo sesandi ngokungakhethiyo okanye kwii-engile ezincinci.
Kwelinye icala, izixhobo zokufunxa izandi ezikwaziyo ukumelana nesandi zinesantya esisezantsi sokunqunyulwa kwezandi zokufunxa okusebenzayo, okuhlala kunxulunyaniswa nobukhulu bezinto ezifunxa isandi, ezifuna malunga ne-1/4 yobude bezandi. Ke ngoko, phantse akunakwenzeka ukuba izixhobo ezifunxa isandi ezivakalayo zisetyenziswe ukufunxa amaza aphantsi, kwaye ezinye iintlobo zemathiriyeli yokucubungula ziyafuneka kumaza aphantsi.
Kwangaxeshanye, i-coefficient yokufunxa isandi yezinto ezifunxa isandi ikwanxulumene ne-engile yesiganeko sesandi. Umzekelo, i-fiberboard enoxinano oluphezulu inokubonakalisa isandi kwii-engile ezinkulu.
Izinto zokusasaza
Okokuqala, kusafuneka siqonde ukuba yintoni ukusasazwa kwesandi okanye yintoni indima yezixhobo zokusasaza.
Xa isandi sisehlo eludongeni, inxalenye yesandi iya kuphuma ecaleni kwendlela yejometri kwaye iqhubeke nokusasaza, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo le nkqubo ayikho "i-specular reflection" epheleleyo. Ukuba luphawu olufanelekileyo olugqibeleleyo, isandi kufuneka siphume ngqo kwicala lejometri emva kokudlula ngaphezulu, kwaye amandla kwicala lokuphuma kufuneka ahambelane necala lesehlo. Yonke le nkqubo ayilahli amandla, enokuthi iqondwe njengokungabikho kwantlukwano konke konke, okanye eqondwa ngokubanzi njengokubonakaliswa okukhethekileyo kwi-optics.
Kusasazo olufanelekileyo, akukho sikhokelo siphambili sokukhupha. Isandi siphuma ngokufanayo kuwo onke amacala kwisithuba emva kwesiganeko esiphezu komhlaba. Inokuqondwa ngokuqhelekileyo njengokubonakaliswa kwe-diffuse kwi-optics.
Ewe kunjalo, konke oku kukwanxulumene nezinto ezinje ngobude besandi. Indawo yokuphulaphula yokwenene ayifuni kuphela umlinganiselo othile wokusasazwa, kodwa kwakhona kufuneka izame ukunqanda ukubonakaliswa okunamandla njengeglasi yonke emgangathweni ukuya kwisilingi. Kodwa oku kuthetha ukuba isandi esibonakalisiweyo siya kuba nzima ngakumbi kwaye isixa sokubala siya kuba sikhulu.
Ngamanye amaxesha sidinga umlinganiselo othile wesandi esibonakalisiweyo, kodwa ukuba asifuni isandi esibonakalayo esinamandla, sinokubeka izinto zokusasaza kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo. Ngomnye umzekelo, ngamanye amaxesha ukuba igumbi lizaliswe ngezinto ezifunxa isandi, liya kutsala isandi kakhulu. Izixhobo zokusasaza zinokunciphisa isandi sokubonisa kwangaphambili ngelixa uqinisekisa isandi sokubonisa kade, ukuze amagumbi amancinci abe nefuthe elithile lokubuyisela. Kwiinkqubo zesithethi se-stereo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kubekho umlinganiselo othile wezinto ezisasazwayo kwigumbi, ngelixa kwiisistim zethiyetha yasekhaya, imathiriyeli yosasazo inokuncitshiswa ngokufanelekileyo okanye ngamanye amaxesha uyilo olupheleleyo olufunxa isandi lunokwamkelwa.
Njengoko sele sitshilo, elona xesha lisezantsi lisebenzayo lezinto zokusasaza okanye elona xesha lisezantsi losasazo linxulumene nobukhulu beprotrusion ye-diffuser. Ubuninzi be-protrusions ye-diffuser, iyancipha i-frequency enokuthi isasazwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Kukwakho nezinye iimeko apho olu hlobo lwe-diffuser lwenziwa lube yinkangeleko yekholamu yaseRoma ngelixa ikwanoyilo lobuhle bemvakalelo. Kwaye eneneni, kuba amagumbi ee-audiophiles ezininzi akamakhulu okwangoku, i-diffuser enjalo inokungafuneki. Amaxesha asebenzayo epleyiti eshiyekileyo yequadratic imalunga ne-700 ~ 1000Hz. Ngamanye amaxesha ukhetho lokuphindaphinda kufuneka lwenziwe kwimeko-nge-case.
Kwangaxeshanye, iinkqubo zethu eziqhelekileyo zesithethi se-HiFi kunye neethiyetha zasekhaya kunye nezinye iindawo ezincinci zokumamela ekhaya akufuneki zisebenzise ii-diffusers ezineprotrusions ezigqithisileyo. Ngenxa yokuba ukusasazwa kwesandi kudla ngokuchazwa ngokwemigaqo yejometri acoustics, nje ukuba i-frequency iphantsi kune-frequency egqithisileyo yegumbi, luhlobo lwe-acoustics yamaza. Okanye ukuba imathiriyeli yokusasaza ilungele amagumbi amancinci akufuneki ukuba ibe ngqindilili njengezindlu zeopera kunye neeholo zekonsathi.
Bass trap
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, iphantse ibe yinto engekho ngqiqweni ukuba imathiriyeli efunxa isandi ngokuvakalayo ukuze ifunxe amaza aphantsi. Ukufunxa amaza aphantsi, izinto ezixhomekeke kweminye imigaqo zihlala zifuneka.
I-resonator ye-Helmholtz sisakhiwo esiqhelekileyo se-acoustic, esihlala sisetyenziswa kwizicelo ezinje ngemoto kunye nesithuthuthu sokunciphisa ingxolo yombhobho. Umgaqo kukuvula ukuvulwa okuncinci kwi-cavity V kwaye udibanise ityhubhu emfutshane ukwenza isixhobo esilula, i-resonator ye-Helmholtz. Ukuba ikholomu yomoya S kwityhubhu emfutshane iyaphazamiseka kwaye ihambela kwi-cavity, igesi kwi-cavity iya kunyanzeliswa kwaye uxinzelelo luya kwanda. Intshukumo yangaphakathi yekholomu yomoya S ivaliwe kwaye ihambela ngaphandle endaweni yoko. Emva kokudlula indawo yokulinganisa, iyaqhubeka ihambela ngaphandle ngenxa ye-inertia. Okwangoku, uxinzelelo kwi-cavity luyancipha, lubangela ukuba ikholomu yomoya S iyeke ukuhamba ngaphandle kwaye ihambe ngaphakathi, iphinda umjikelo.
Izifunxi-sandi ze-Membrane mechanical resonance ze-membrane lolunye uhlobo lwezinto ezifunxa isandi kwiifrikhwensi eziphantsi , ezidla ngokusetyenziswa kwiindlela zokwakha ezifana noyilo lweendonga ezineeleya ezininzi.
Ngenxa yezinto ezinje ngamaza okuma kwegumbi, inzuzo eyongezelelweyo idla ngokuveliswa kwiibhendi ezithile zefrikhwensi, ezikhokelela kwiresonance “yokuduma” ephantsi. Imigibe ye-low-frequency interference inokuphelisa ukuphazamiseka okuphezulu okubangelwa zezi ndlela zamagumbi ukuya kwinqanaba elithile. Ewe kunjalo, iindlela ezinjengee-subwoofers ezininzi okanye i-DSP yokusetyenzwa komqondiso wedijithali nazo zingasetyenziswa.
Izinto zokugquma isandi
Njengoko kuchaziwe ngokweenkcukacha ngaphambili, ukusebenza kokufakwa kwesandi kunye nokusebenza kwesandi sokufunxa kwezixhobo kwahlukile. Izinto ezithatha isandi zihlala zithatha inzuzo yesakhiwo esincinci se-pore ngaphakathi kwezinto. Nangona kunjalo, esi sakhiwo somngxuma omncinci ngokuqhelekileyo sikhokelela ekuhanjisweni kwamaza omsindo. Ukuze kuthintelwe ukuhanjiswa okuqhubekayo kunye nokusasazwa kwesandi kwizinto eziphathekayo, kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa isakhiwo somgodi ngokusemandleni kwaye ukwandisa ubuninzi bezinto eziphathekayo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukusebenza kwesandi sokufakelwa kwesandi sezinto zokufakelwa kwesandi kuhambelana nokuxinana kwezinto. Ukuthenga izinto eziphakamileyo zokukhusela isandi kunokuphucula ngakumbi iimpawu zokukhusela izandi zegumbi. Nangona kunjalo, izixhobo zokugquma isandi ezikumgangatho omnye ngamanye amaxesha zisenemida. Kule meko, unyango lwe-sound-layer ephindwe kabini lunokusetyenziswa, kwaye izinto ezongezelelweyo zokuhlamba zongezwa kwiindidi ezimbini zezixhobo zokugquma isandi. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iileya ezimbini zezixhobo zokugquma isandi kufuneka ziphetshwe ukuba zibe nobukhulu obufanayo kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuphepha ukuphindaphinda ukuphindaphinda okufanayo. Ukuba ngexesha lokwakha kunye nokuhombisa, indlu yonke kufuneka ikhuselwe isandi kuqala, kwaye emva koko ukufunxa isandi kunye nonyango lokusasaza kufuneka lwenziwe.
Unyango lwe-acoustic luyimfuneko kwiinkqubo zesithethi. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lwe-acoustic alukho usetyenziso olungakhethiyo. Ukuqonda ulwazi olusisiseko olufanelekileyo luyimfuneko ebalulekileyo yonyango oluchanekileyo lwe-acoustic. Uyilo lonyango lwe-acoustic lunxulumene ngokusondeleyo negumbi, inkqubo yesithethi, njl. Akukho sisombululo sisisigxina okanye impendulo, kwaye imeko yokwenyani kufuneka iphumelele.
Ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga ne-SINOYQX Melamine Foam, nceda usiqhagamshelane nathi ku- [email protected] okanye usithumelele ilizwi ku: +86-28-8411-1861.
Eminye imifanekiso kunye nezicatshulwa zenziwe kwakhona kwi-Intanethi, kwaye i-copyright yeyombhali wokuqala. Ukuba kukho naluphi na ulwaphulo-mthetho, nceda uqhagamshelane nathi ukuze ucime.