Ukunqongophala kwamanzi amatsha ngumngeni okhulayo kuphuhliso loluntu. Kuxelwe ukuba i-29% yabemi behlabathi abanamanzi okusela akhuselekileyo, kwaye imfuno yamanzi acocekileyo isakhula ngenxa yokwanda kwabemi kunye nemiba yokusingqongileyo. Amanzi acocekileyo anxulumene nogutyulo abaluleke ngakumbi kumxholo wokuqhambuka kwangoku kwesifo se-coronavirus (Neocoronavirus pneumonia). Umphunga wamanzi osebenza ngamandla elanga uthathwa njengenye yezona teknoloji zithembisayo zokuvelisa amanzi acocekileyo kumanzi olwandle kunye namanzi amdaka kusetyenziswa ukukhanya kwelanga njengokuphela kwegalelo lamandla. Itekhnoloji ixhomekeke kakhulu kwi-absorbers yelanga, esebenza njengeevaporators ukuguqula amandla elanga abe bubushushu ukuvelisa umphunga. Ukufezekisa amazinga aphezulu okunyuka kwamanzi kunye nokuguqulwa kobushushu belanga, izinto ezifanelekileyo kufuneka zibe noluhlu olubanzi lokufunxa ukuze kusetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo inxalenye enkulu ye-spectrum yelanga, i-thermal conductivity ephantsi yokucinezela ukulahleka kobushushu, kunye ne-3-dimensional (XNUMXD) imijelo ye-porous yokuthuthwa kwamanzi ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, izazinzulu ziye zaphuhlisa izinto ezahlukeneyo zefotothermal esekwe kwikhabhoni (umzekelo, igraphene okanye icarbon nanotubes), iipolymers, isinyithi kunye neeoxide zetsimbi kunye neehybrids zazo, njl.
Izazinzulu bezisebenza nzima ukuphonononga kunye nokwenza impumelelo emininzi kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ke masifunde kupapasho olunezihloko malunga nenkqubela yophando kwimveliso yamanzi acocekileyo efotothermal kwiminyaka yakutshanje.
- Unxibelelwano lweNdalo: Amagqabi esityalo avuselela amandla elanga, isicoci samanzi esisebenza kakuhle
Amagqabi ezityalo zendalo ezisebenzisa imithambo yegazi axhomekeke kumahluko kuxinzelelo lwe-osmotic, ukuphefumla kunye nokukhupha amanzi ukuze kuveliswe iitoni zamanzi acocekileyo, asebenza ngenxa yelanga. Bephefumlelwe koku, abaphandi kwiqela likaChun Li kwiYunivesithi yaseQinghua baxele ukuba i-purifier eqhutywa lilanga yokucoca amanzi kunye nemveliso esebenzayo. Le purifier eqhutywa lilanga ine-hydrogel (PN) ephendula ubushushu obubi enamathele kwi- foam ye-melamine foam egqunywe yi-superhydrophilic kwaye igqunywe nge-membrane yesihluzo se-graphene (PG) ye-PNIPAm ngaphandle. Ukulinganisa kwe-molecular dynamics kunye neziphumo zovavanyo zibonise ukuba i-superhydrophilic nature ye-melamine backbone eqinileyo ikhawulezise kakhulu izinga lokudumba/lokususa ukudumba kwe-PNPG-F purifier. Phantsi kokukhanya okufanayo kokukhanya kwelanga, esi sakhiwo silungiselelwe ngokwengqiqo sinike ukuqokelelwa kwe-4.2 kg/m2/h kunye nokususwa kwe-ion engaphezulu kwe-99% kwi-PNPG-F enye kwi-brine feed ngokusebenzisa iziphumo ze-synergistic zokufuma kunye nokongezwa kwe-drip. Umbhali ucinga ngezicelo ezinkulu ezinokubakho kule nkqubo esebenza kakuhle kakhulu eqhutywa lilanga kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokunyanga amanzi. Olu phononongo lupapashwe njengephepha elinesihloko esithi “Plant leaves inspired sunlight-driven purifier for high-efficiency cleaner water production” kwiNature subjournal Nature communications.
- Ukuqhubela phambili kwezeNzululwazi: Uthungelwano lwepolymer olunamandla kakhulu lwe-hydratable yee-hydrogels ezifunxa ukukhanya zokucocwa kwamanzi elanga
Umphunga wamanzi elanga ukucocwa kwamanzi bubuchwepheshe obuthembisayo bokuveliswa kwamanzi ahlaziyekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuveliswa komphunga welanga kufuna amandla amaninzi, okubangela ukuveliswa kwamanzi aphantsi phantsi kokukhanya kwemini yendalo. Ke ngoko, kukho imfuneko enkulu yokuphuhlisa izixhobo ezitsha ezinokunciphisa imfuno yamandla yokuphuphuma kwamanzi kunye nokukhawulezisa ukucocwa kwamanzi elanga. Iqela likaNjingalwazi uGuihua Yu e-Austin, eTexas, eU.SA, libike ukuba i-hydrogel (h-LAH) i-hydrated light-absorbing (h-LAH) eyenziwe nge-polyvinyl alcohol kunye ne-chitosan njenge-hydration backbone kunye ne-polypyrrole njenge-absorber yokukhanya, enokusebenzisa amandla amancinci (<50% yomthamo wamanzi) ukukhupha amanzi. Kwaboniswa ukuba ukonyusa umthamo we-hydration we-h-LAH kunokutshintsha imeko yamanzi kwaye kusebenze ngokuyinxenye amanzi, ngaloo ndlela kube lula ukuphuphuma kwamanzi. I-h-LAH yandisa ukuveliswa komphunga welanga ukuya kwireyithi yerekhodi ~ 3.6 kg / m2 / h ngelanga eli-1. I-h-LAH-based based evaporation yamanzi elanga nayo ibonise ukuqina kwexesha elide kunye neempawu ezichasene ne-antifouling ngokuchasene nezingcoliso ze-ionic ezinzima. Uphando lupapashwe kwiphepha elinesihloko esithi "Amagqabi ezityalo aphefumlelweyo aphefumlelweyo okucoca ukukhanya kwelanga ukwenzela ukuveliswa okuphezulu kwamanzi acocekileyo" kwi-Science subjournal Science Advances ".
- I-Angew: Izixhobo ze-COF ezine-superhydrophilicity kunye ne-wavelength ye-wavelength ebanzi yokufunxa ukufunxwa kwamanzi e-photothermal.
I-hydrophobicity engokwemvelo kunye nokuncitshiswa kokukhanya okuncinci kweepholima ze-organic organic, ngakumbi kwingingqi ye-infrared (NIR) ekufutshane, ziibhotile ezimbini ezithintela ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwi-solar steam generation (SSG). Abaphandi kwiqela le-Xiaoli Yan kwiYunivesithi yaseJilin baye baphuhlisa i-covalent organic framework (COF) esekelwe kwi-1,4,5,8 tetrakis(phenylamino)anthracene-9,10-dione (TPAD) (TPAD-COF), ebonakaliswa yi-superhydrophilicity kunye nokukhanya okubanzi okugubungela i-SSG ebonakalayo kwi-NIR yonke indawo ye-UV / ebonakalayo. I-TPAD-COF, njengento esebenzayo yokuguqula i-photothermal ngaphandle kwezongezo, ibonisa ukufudumala kwamanzi okugqwesileyo kwe-1.42 kg / m2 / h kwaye ifezekisa ukuguqulwa kwamandla aphezulu kwi-94% phantsi kwe-irradiation enye ye-solar. Ulwandiso olongezelelweyo loluhlu lokufunxa ukukhanya kwe-TPAD olusekwe kwi-COF luphunyezwe ngokuguqulwa kwe-post-synthetic ye-chelated BF2 molekyuli. Uvavanyo lolawulo olucwangcisiweyo kunye nohlalutyo luqinisekisa ukuba i-hydrophilicity ye-photothermal conversion material idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwii-COF zangoku ezisekelwe kwi-TPAD ezisetyenziselwa ukukhupha kwamanzi e-photothermal. Umsebenzi wophando, onesihloko esithi "Superhydrophilic2D Covalent Organic Frameworks as Broadband Absorbers for Efficient Solar Steam Generation," yapapashwa kwijenali yezizwe ngezizwe ephezulu iAngewise. Umsebenzi wapapashwa kwijenali ephezulu yehlabathi iAngew. Ikhem. Int. U-Ed.
- I-JACS: I-Hydrophilic-hydrophobic dual-region COF/graphene hydrogel yokuphuphuma kwamanzi okufotayo
Umphunga wamanzi elanga bubuchwephesha bokucocwa kwamanzi obuzinzileyo obunokunceda ukunciphisa ukunqongophala kwamanzi kwihlabathi. Nangona kunjalo, obu buchwephesha bujongene nemingeni emikhulu ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kunye nesantya esisezantsi somphunga wokumka kwamanzi. Iqela likaProf Arne Thomas kwiYunivesithi yaseBerlin, eJamani, ingxelo ye-covalent organic framework (COF)/graphene dual-region hydrogel equlethe zombini imimandla ye-hydrophilic kunye ne-hydrophobic kwisixhobo esinye ngokusebenzisa isicwangciso esilula sokukhula kwi-situ. I-hydrophilic COF igubungela inxalenye yengingqi ye-hydrophobic graphene. Ngolawulo oluchanekileyo lwemimandla emibini yokumanzisa, i-hydrogel eyi-hybrid ibonisa ukuvunwa okusebenzayo kokukhanya, ukumanzisa okutyekayo, umthamo wamanzi owandisiweyo, kunye nokunciphisa imfuneko yamandla okutshintsha kwamanzi abe ngumphunga. Njenge-absorber yelanga, i-double-region hydrogel ifezekisa izinga lokuvelisa umphunga ukuya kwi-3.69 kg / m2 / h kwi-1 irradiation yelanga (1kw / m2), efaniswa nezinye izinto eziphambili. Ukongeza, le evaporator ye-hydrogel ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa amanzi okusela kumanzi olwandle kunye nogutyulo, ebonisa amandla onyango lwamanzi. Umsebenzi wophando wapapashwa kwiphephancwadi i-JACS njenge "I-Covalent Organic Framework / Graphene Dual-Region Hydrogel ye-Enhanced Solar-Driven Water Generation", i-JACS, iphephancwadi eliphezulu lamazwe ngamazwe.
- Ukuqhubela phambili kwezeNzululwazi: Ulwakhiwo lwencakuba yenyibiba-luphefumlelweyo oluphezulu lwe-photothermal evaporator yamanzi
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukuveliswa komphunga welanga ophakathi kobuso kubonise amandla amakhulu ekufezekiseni uguqulo olusebenzayo lwamandla okukhutshwa kwetyuwa kunye nokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka. Nangona kunjalo, amazinga aphezulu okuphuma komphunga akakwazi ukugcinwa ngenxa yokuqokelela okubonakala kungenakuphepheka kokungcola okanye ityuwa kwi-absorber yelanga. Ukuthotywa kuyakhawuleza njengoko i-solute concentration isanda. Ukujongana nale ngxaki, iqela likaProf Jia Zhu kwiYunivesithi yaseNanjing, liphefumlelwe yisakhiwo samagqabi enyibiba yamanzi, lenze isakhiwo esinezigaba ezininzi (i-Water-lily-inspired Hierarchical Structure (WHS) isixhobo sokuguqulwa kwe-photothermal-vapor, esinokufikelela kwi-80% ye-photothermal yokuguqulwa kwe-photothermal xa uphatha i-10 wt ye-concentrated yamanzi i-concentrate ye-30% ye-concentration yamanzi kunye ne-concentrate ye-XNUMX% yamanzi. ukukhankanya ukuba ukusebenza kakuhle kokuguqulwa kwefotothermal akunciphi kakhulu ngexesha lokunyangwa kwe-brine egxininiswe kakhulu kunye namanzi amdaka de kube ukuphuphuma kwamanzi kugqityiwe (oko kukuthi, "i-zero discharge"), kwaye umphezulu uhlala ucocekile kwi-Science Advance phantsi kwesihloko esithi "Uyilo lwe-Hierarchical oluphefumlelweyo lwaManzi lwe-Stable kunye ne-Efficient Solar Evaporation of High Salinity.
- Amandla eNano: Imolybdenum disulfide yokuphuphuma kwamanzi efotothermal
Abaphandi kwiqela likaLifeng Wan kwi-Deakin University's Institute for Frontier Materials baphuhlise uthotho lwe-transition metal disulfide kunye ne-nitrogen-rich nitride heterostructures zokufuma kwamanzi elanga ngokuguqulwa kwekristale engaphelelanga. Ngokukodwa, ezi heterostructures ziphambili ze-2D zibonisa ukufunxwa kwe-spectral okuphuculweyo kuluhlu lwe-infrared kunye nokuzinza okugqwesileyo kweekhemikhali kwizisombululo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya amanzi, ii-asidi kunye neziseko. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, ngenxa yokuqina kokufunxwa kwe-spectral okuphuculweyo kunye nokulahlekelwa bubushushu okuncitshisiweyo, isixhobo sobushushu selanga se-MoS2-Mo5N6/ melamine foam (MF) sibonisa izinga eliphezulu lokufuma (2.31 kg m-2h-1) kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuguqulwa (106.6%), eziphindwe kayi-1.4 kunye ne-4.7 kunezo zezixhobo zelanga ze-MoS2/MF kunye ne-MF/water, ngokulandelelana. Lo msebenzi ubonelela ngothotho lwe-2D-2D TMDs-nitrogen-rich nitride heterostructures ezisebenza kakuhle nge-photothermal ukuvelisa amanzi elanga. Lo msebenzi upapashwe kwiNano energy, ijenali ephambili yamazwe ngamazwe, njenge-“Advanced 2D-2D heterostructures of transition metal dichalcogenides kunye ne-nitrogen-rich nitrides for solar water generation”.
Itekhnoloji yeSolar photothermal evaporation yamanzi kulindeleke ukuba isombulule ukunqongophala kwamanzi acocekileyo kwihlabathi, into ekufuneka isonjululwe ngoku kukulungiswa kwexabiso eliphantsi lezinto zefotothermal, ukusebenza ngempumelelo okuphezulu, kunye nokuzinza kunye nokuphatheka kokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezisebenzayo, sijonge phambili kwiziphumo ezininzi kwixesha elizayo ukuze kuxhamle uluntu lonke!
Ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga neMelamine Foam, nceda usiqhagamshelane nathi ku- [email protected] okanye usithumelele ilizwi ku: +86-28-8411-1861.
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