Kusapho oluthintela amalangatye, kukho i-MCA ethintela amalangatye ashushu kwiminyaka yakutshanje, nangona yayinqabile. Ngoko ke yintoni i-MCA ethintela amalangatye uyaqonda? Umgaqo we-MCA ethintela amalangatye ucacile? Makhe sijonge kunye!
Zeziphi ii-nitrogen-based retardants zomlilo?
Okwangoku, i-nitrogen-based retardants ye-flame retardants ikakhulu ibandakanya iindidi ezintathu: i-melamine, i-dicyandiamide, i-guanidine salts (i-guanidine carbonate, i-guanidine phosphate, i-guanidine phosphate condensed kunye ne-guanidine sulfamate) kunye ne-derivatives yazo, ngakumbi i-phosphate derivatives.
- Mandisa
I-Melamine isoloko isetyenziswa njengenxalenye yogwebu ekwenziweni kweengubo zokugquma ezingangenwa ngumlilo, ezinesiphumo esihle sogwebu kunye nokwakheka kwekhabhoni eshinyeneyo. Ukongeza kokusetyenziswa njenge-flame retardant yodwa, iintlobo ze-flame-retardant ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziyityuwa ephumayo eveliswa ngokusabela nge-asidi kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-PE, PP kunye neeplastiki ze-PVC kunye nezinye iiplastiki ze-thermoplastic kunye ne-thermosetting. Idityaniswe ne-phosphate engamanzi, i-melamine isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-flame retardant polyurethane foam.
- Dicyandiamide
I-Dicyandiamide isetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni i-guanidinium ityuwa ebuyisela idangatye, enokuthi ithathe indawo ye-melamine okanye idityaniswe ne-melamine. Amalungelo awodwa aseYurophu axela ukuba i-dicyandiamide ixutywe ngokulinganayo kwaye yongezwa kwi-5% inokwenza i-polyamide ifezekise i-UL94 V-0 i-flame retardant effect, kwaye le nto i-flame retardant inefuthe elincinci kumandla okukrazula kwezinto. Ukongeza, i-dicyandiamide inokusetyenziselwa ukwenza iglu engatshiyo kwiplanga.
- Iityuwa zeGuanidine
Ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa njengendawo ephakathi kumachiza kunye nedayi, iityuwa zeguanidine zihlala zisetyenziswa njengezithinteli zomlilo kwizinto ezisekwe kwiselulosi, njengemithi, iphepha kunye nekhadibhodi. Ezi zinto zibuyisela amadangatya zihlala ixesha elide kwaye zincinci kakhulu kune-hygroscopic kune-inorganic flame retardants kwaye zineempawu ezintle zokuhombisa, ngoko ke zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekwenzeni iinkuni zokuhombisa ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Ukongeza, inokuthi isetyenziswe njengenxalenye yearhente yogwebu kwiingubo ezivuthayo ezingenamlilo.
I-MCA yinto yokongeza idangatye edityanisiweyo eyenziwe kwi-melamine kunye ne-cyanuric acid kwiqondo lobushushu elithile kwaye idityaniswe namanzi njengeyona ndlela iphakathi. Ayina tyhefu, ayinavumba kwaye ayinancasa, kwaye inobushushu obuphezulu bokubola (izinze kakhulu kuma-300°C, ibola ngaphezu kwama-600°C). Ayinayo nje isiphumo esihle sokunqanda umlilo, kodwa inomsi omncinci ngexesha lokucubungula, ukuhambelana kakuhle kunye nezixhobo zepolymer kwaye akukho nto yokufuduka komhlaba. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-flame retardant ye-nylon, i-PBT, i-PP, i-epoxy resin, i-organosilicon, i-polyurethane, i-rubber kunye nezinye izinto ze-polymer. Isiphumo sayo sokunqanda amadangatya silungile, kwaye inokuba nefuthe elihle le-synergistic kunye ne-phosphorus, i-bromine kunye ne-antimony flame retardants, kwaye inokusetyenziswa ngokudityaniswa nezinye izongezo ukufumana isiphumo esihle sokunqanda umlilo. Ukusuka kwimbono yezoqoqosho, yeyona nto isebenzayo i-flame retardant kwizinto ze-nylon. Uncwadi lubika ukuba ukongezwa kwe-10% ye-mass fraction ye-MCA kwi-nylon 6, i-nylon 66 okanye imixube yabo inokufezekisa i-UL94 V-0 i-flame retardant standard.
Indlela yokubuyiswa komlilo
Ngokuqhelekileyo kukholelwa ukuba i-nitrogen retardants ye-flame retardants iyakwazi ukukhupha iigesi ezingatshayo ezifana ne-ammonia, i-nitrogen, i-nitrogen oxides enzulu kunye nomphunga wamanzi xa iboliswe bubushushu. Isizukulwana sezi gesi kunye nokubola kwe-retardants ye-flame retardants ithatha ubushushu obuninzi, inciphisa kakhulu ubushushu bomphezulu wepolymer.
Kwaye ezi gesi ezingenakutsha, ezifana ne-nitrogen, azidlali nje indima ekuhlambululeni i-oksijini emoyeni kunye nokuxinwa kweegesi ezinokutsha eziveliswa yi-thermal decomposition of polymers, kodwa ziphinde ziphendule nge-oksijini emoyeni ukuvelisa i-nitrogen, amanzi kunye ne-oxides enzulu, idla i-oksijini kumphezulu wezinto eziphathekayo ngelixa ifumana umphumo omuhle wokunqanda ilangatye.
Iinzuzo zokunqanda umlilo
- Ityhefu esezantsi
Imifuniselo yebhayoloji ibonisa ukuba isalathiso setyhefu se-halogen retardants efunekayo ukuphumeza ukusebenza kwe-flame-retardant efanayo ngokuphindwe kahlanu kwe-nitrogen flame retardants, kunye nokukhutshwa komsi wezinto zepolymer eziphathwa nge-nitrogen flame retardants iphantsi, okwesibini kuphela kwi-metal-based inorganic flame-retardant fillers. Ngokukodwa, ukuxinana komsi ekuqaleni komlilo kuncinci, ukunika abantu ithuba lokubalekela kunye nokuququzelela umsebenzi wokulwa nomlilo ekuqaleni.
- Impumelelo ephezulu yokunqanda umlilo
Ngokusebenzisa i-halides, i-oxides yesinyithi, i-phosphate retardants yomlilo, i-hydrates ye-inorganic, i-hydroxyl compounds, i-borides, i-silicates, i-carbonate compounds, i-nitrogen compounds equlethe ixesha lokutshisa kunye ne-exothermic rate yovavanyo ibonisa ukuba ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-nitrogen retardants ye-flame yeyona iphezulu.
- Ukutya okuncinci
- Iigesi eziveliswa yi-nitrogen-containing compounds ngexesha lokutsha ziyingozi kakhulu kwaye azinayo impembelelo ephazamisayo kwimveliso yombane. Iimvavanyo zibonise ukuba i-nitrogen-based flame retardant ephathwayo kwiikondaktara zombane okanye iikhomponenti zombane zingaqhubeka zisetyenziswa emva komlilo.
- Akukho ngquzulwano kunye nezinzisi zokukhanya kwizinto eziphathekayo
I-nitrogen-based retardants ye-flame retardants ayinamaqela anokuthi avelise ngokulula i-radicals yamahhala njenge-halides, kwaye ke ayidli izizinzi zokukhanya kwezinye izinto.
- Ubushushu obuphezulu bokubola kwe-thermal
Akukho mfuneko yakuba nexhala malunga nokubola kwedangatye ngexesha lokucutshungulwa kwezinto, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekungaphumelelini komlilo. Izinto eziphathekayo zigcina iimpawu ezintle zoomatshini kunye nokutshatyalaliswa komlilo nasemva kokugqithiswa yi-multi-effect extruder.
- Uhlobo kummandla
Inkunkuma ayibangeli ukungcoliseka kwendalo.
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